King George

Editorial, The Progressive, February 2006 Issue

There comes a time when the nakedness of the emperor can no longer be denied. Such a time is now.

George Bush’s policy of eavesdropping on U.S. citizens without a
warrant proves he has placed himself above the law. Add this to the
long list of other impeachable offenses(lying the country into war,
torturing prisoners, exporting detainees for torture, paying columnists
to propagandize the American public(that George W. Bush has committed,
and put it at the top.

The President swears an oath of office that he will uphold the Constitution and faithfully execute the laws of the land.

But he has been brazenly flouting the law that prohibits domestic spying without a warrant.

When
The New York Times revealed on December 16 (after sitting on the story
for a year and then omitting details at the request of Administration
officials!) that Bush ordered the National Security Agency to monitor
‘the international telephone calls and international e-mail messages of
hundreds, perhaps thousands, of people inside the United States without
warrants over the past three years,’ I expected Bush to deny it or to
say he was going to review the policy. Instead, he has been vehemently
defending that policy, citing both his authority under the Constitution
as commander in chief and Congress’s authorization to go after Al
Qaeda.

These were the very same rationales that the Bush Administration
put forward at the Supreme Court in the 2004 case of Yaser Hamdi, one
of the U.S. citizens Bush detained without charge or trial for more
than two years.

The Supreme Court was especially critical of Bush’s end around the
courts. ‘A state of war is not a blank check for the President when it
comes to the rights of the nation’s citizens,’ Justice Sandra Day
O’Connor wrote in the court’s majority opinion. She warned, in her own
italics, of the danger of an approach that ‘serves only to condense
power into a single branch of government.’

Bush, however, keeps invoking the state of war as a justification.
At a December 19 press conference, he said his Administration bypassed
going to a court and getting a warrant, as required by the Foreign
Intelligence Service Act (FISA), because he wanted to ‘move faster and
quicker.’

Leaving aside the fact that the law already allows the government to
move expeditiously and then seek a warrant seventy-two hours after the
fact, Bush’s excuse could have been used by any President at any time
in our history to flout the law in a time of war.

During the Cold War, for instance, Presidents needed to ‘move faster
and quicker,’ too, since the Soviets had hundreds, then thousands, of
intercontinental ballistic missiles that could annihilate the United
States. But that didn’t give Eisenhower or Kennedy permission to
violate a citizen’s right to privacy whenever they wanted to.

Many people have been scratching their heads about one paradox in
this whole scandal: The FISA court almost never turns the President
down. Of some 19,000 requests for warrants, the court has rejected only
five, says James Bamford, an expert on the NSA. So why didn’t the
President just go get this rubber stamp?

It
may be that the Administration worried that some of its specific
requests were simply too intrusive and expansive even for the pliant
FISA court, and so Bush’s people simply skirted the court. Or it may
not have wanted to do the paperwork. ‘The court has been subjecting the
applications to closer examination,’ Richard Lacayo of Time magazine
reported. ‘It made what the Justice Department calls ‘substantive
modifications’ to ninety-four of last year’s requests(for example,
reducing the scope, timing, or targets in the original application.’

But I suspect that the Bush decision to bypass the court had less
to do with practicality and more to do with ideology: The Bush folks,
especially Vice President Dick Cheney and Attorney General Alberto
Gonzales, do not believe the President has to answer to anybody when it
comes to his conduct as commander in chief. Just as Cheney urged Bush
not to go to the United Nations, so, too, he urged Bush not to go to
the FISA court. Each is a fetter on Presidential power. And Cheney
fantasizes about a President completely unfettered.

‘I believe in a strong, robust executive authority,’ Cheney said on
December 20. The NSA’s spying, he added, was ‘totally appropriate and
consistent with the constitutional authority of the President.’
Faulting Congress for pursuing Reagan in the Iran-Contra scandal,
Cheney said, ‘The President of the United States needs to have his
constitutional powers unimpaired, if you will, in terms of the conduct
of national security policy.’

Gonzales, the chief law enforcement officer in the country,
testified at his confirmation hearing in January 2005 that the
President could disregard the law.

‘I do believe there may come an occasion when the Congress might
pass a statute that the President may view as unconstitutional,’
Gonzales told Senator Patrick Leahy. ‘Obviously, a decision as to
whether or not to ignore a statute passed by Congress is a very, very
serious one, and it would be one that I would spend a great deal of
time and attention [on] before arriving at a conclusion that, in fact,
a President had the authority.’

So Bush, with Cheney and Gonzales whispering in each ear, defiantly says he’s going to do whatever the hell he wants.

When he signed the anti-torture law in late December, for instance,
Bush reserved the right to ignore it, The Boston Globe reported. Bush
specified in a ‘signing statement’ that said he would construe the law
‘in a manner consistent with the constitutional authority of the
President to supervise the unitary executive branch and as commander in
chief’ with the objective ‘of protecting the American people from
further terrorist attacks.’

Bush may intend to use such ‘signing statements’ to nullify just about any act of Congress he chooses.

We haven’t seen such disdain for our system of checks and balances
since the days of Richard Nixon. And like Nixon in the Pentagon Papers
case, Bush is trying to shift blame to the press and to the
whistleblowers, denouncing the leak as ‘shameful.’ Gonzales is now
pursuing the leaker, though he has a double conflict of interest.

First, he’s an old crony of Bush’s.

Second, and more importantly, when he was White House counsel, he
was one of the architects of the NSA spying program. So much so that he
and Chief of Staff Andrew Card had ‘to make an emergency hospital visit
to John Ashcroft, then the Attorney General, to try to persuade him to
give his authorization’ to continued NSA spying after Ashcroft’s
deputy, James B. Comey, refused to go along, according to The New York
Times.

Rather than investigating the leaker, Gonzales should be investigating himself(and Bush.

But, of course, he won’t do that. Nor is he appointing a special
prosecutor to look into the matter. Nor does he seem to be recusing
himself from the leak investigation, as he has an obligation to do.
Even Ashcroft recused himself from the Karl Rove case.

‘It is completely and facially unethical for Gonzales to head this
investigation,’ says Jonathan Turley, professor of constitutional law
at George Washington University.

The NSA spying scandal cries out for an impeachment inquiry. Our
democracy cannot survive the assertion of Presidential power to be
above the law.

Senator Russ Feingold made this point quite well. ‘The President
believes that he has the power to override the laws that Congress has
passed. This is not how our democratic system of government works. The
President does not get to pick and choose which laws he wants to
follow. He is a President, not a king. . . . He’s President George
Bush, not King George Bush.’

Even some conservatives who have often supported Bush have
come out strongly against the NSA spying (though The Wall Street
Journal and The Weekly Standard applauded it).

‘The executive branch cannot unilaterally set the rules and
enforce the rules, then eliminate court review of possible civil
liberties violations,’ said Robert Levy, the libertarian Cato
Institute’s senior fellow in constitutional studies. Bush’s policy
‘makes a mockery of the principle of separation of powers.’

Conservative legal scholar Bruce Fein, who served as associate
deputy attorney general in the Reagan Administration, was even more
blunt. ‘If President Bush is totally unapologetic and says I continue
to maintain that as a wartime President I can do anything I want(I
don’t need to consult any other branches(that is an impeachable
offense,’ he said on The Diane Rehm Show. ‘It’s more dangerous than
Clinton’s lying under oath because it jeopardizes our democratic
dispensation and civil liberties for the ages.’

Norman Ornstein of the American Enterprise Institute was on the same
program and echoed Fein’s comments. ‘I think if we’re going to be
intellectually honest here, this really is the kind of thing that
Alexander Hamilton was referring to when impeachment was discussed,’
said Ornstein.

Richard Nixon was impeached, in part, for such power grabs and
privacy invasions. One of the three articles of impeachment that came
out of the House Judiciary Committee in 1974 said: ‘Using the powers of
the office of President of the United States, Richard M. Nixon, in
violation of his constitutional oath faithfully to execute the office
of President of the United States and, to the best of his ability,
preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States,
and in disregard of his constitutional duty to take care that the laws
be faithfully executed, has repeatedly engaged in conduct violating the
constitutional rights of citizens.’

If you replace Nixon’s name with Bush’s, the article still stands.